The present church was built on a new site in 1862 to replace two medieval churches, St Mary’s and All Saints. The new church was designed by the prolific local architect T. H. Wyatt. The only Romanesque feature in the church is the font, which was moved from the nearby church of St Mary’s, the chancel of which survives.

Both before and after the Conquest, Chitterne's lands were divided into several holdings. In 1086, the part that lately had been held by Earl Audrey was in the king's hands. Its valuation of £10 was unchanged since 1066. Edward of Salisbury held other lands that had belonged to Azur and Cynewine before the Conquest. Azur's former lands were valued at £20 in 1066 and at £30 in 1086; those previously held by Cynewine were valued at £8 in 1066 and £10 in 1086. A fourth part of Chitterne was held of Edward by Robert and had formerly been in the hands of Wulfwynn; it had a value of 60s in 1066 and 100s in 1086.