Yatesbury is a village about 8 miles NW of Marlborough. The church, built of chalk and freestone, lies to the W of the village and consists of a chancel, a 13thc nave and N arcade, one surviving bay of a late-12thc S arcade which now houses the heavily restored and relocated S door, and a 15thc W tower. There is Romanesque carving on the S arcade, the S door, and the font.

Yatesbury was possibly part of the large estate of Calne held by the king from the 9th or 10th century. Land at Calne held by Calne church in 1086 was almost certainly granted by the king. In 1086 Nigel (probably Nigel the physician) claimed to hold Yatesbury as part of Calne church's estate. Nigel was in dispute with Alfred of Epaignes, who then held Yatesbury, even though the shire had found that it had been held by Calne church in 1066. Nigel was at least partially successful: demesne and most customary land in Yatesbury duly passed with Calne church to Salisbury Cathedral. By 1210, a cathedral prebend of Yatesbury, endowed with Yatesbury manor, had been established by the dean and chapter of Salisbury.

In 1854 the church was extensively restored by C. H. Gabriel and the chancel was rebuilt as it currently appears, in a 14th-century style.