The Domesday Book records that in 1086 William of Beaufour held a hide of land along with a church in Marlborough; it was worth £1.5. In 1091 Bishop Osmund endowed the chapter of Old Sarum with the churches in Marlborough and St Mary’s was specifically mentioned in 1223. However, Pevsner and the DCMS listing description mention that the church was founded in 1160, though no source is cited. The surviving Romanesque fabric would be consistent with this date.