The church has a continuous nave and chancel which are Romanesque, or perhaps earlier. A N aisle was added c. 1300 and a square W tower in the late 14thc. The font situated at the W end of the nave constitutes the only Romanesque carving in the building.

Situated in the hundred of South Erpingham, Belaugh covered an area that was nine furlongs in length and three-and-a-half wide, according to the Domesday Survey. Two freemen of the abbey of St Benet's (Benedict) at Holme in Norfolk held 34 acres there at the time of the Domesday Survey. Three acres belonged to 'half of a church'. Before 1066, Ralph the Constable held 10 freemen and a half, one of whom was included in Hoveton, and 63 acres. Stigand held 1carucate of land and 24 acres. Ralph and Stigand had the right to receive dues from Belaugh; Ralph gave this to St. Benet's at Holme. A pension of 12 pence given by Belaugh church to the monks of St Benet's was confirmed 1190-1200.

The 13thc. font at Leiston (Suffolk) is similar in design, although there the arcading is trefoil and slightly pointed, the colonnettes are not free-standing, and the capitals and bases are shorter. (Bond, 59) The Romanesque font basin at Spixworth (Norfolk) is also cauldron-shaped.