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White Island

Location
(54°29′17″N, 7°43′50″W)
White Island
H 175 600
pre-1973 traditional (Ulster) Fermanagh
now Fermanagh
  • Rachel Moss
15 Aug 1998

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Feature Sets
Description

A small single cell church (14.52 m x 8.23 m) located in surrounding earthworks. Romanesque sculpture is found on the S doorway. A further S doorway exists, plain, apart from a rebate to the arch. Two uncarved fragments of window jamb with external rebate and an arcuated linted with external rebate are also found on the site. A further single arcuated lintel with tangent gable is reset on the S wall.

History

Little is known of the early history of the foundation. The modern name, White Island, only dates back as far as 1753. It is possible that White Island may be the ancient Eo-inis, from whence the relics of St Constas were translated to the cathedral of Clogher by Bishop Matthew Casey (1287–1315) (Rogers 1967, 67). Archaeological excavation has revealed some evidence of a wooden church on the site of the existing stone church, and there is evidence that the interior has suffered severe fire-damage. The doorway was apparently restored at some time during the late medieval period and photographs from the 1860s show the jambs of the door with a distinct outward inclination. By 1913 the arch and E jambs had collapsed and in 1928 the church was restored by the Belfast Natural Historical and Philosophical Society. The site is currently in care of the (Department of the Environment, Northern Ireland) DOENI.

Features

Exterior Features

Doorways

Comments/Opinions

White Island is best known for its collection of seven pre-Romanesque figure sculptures that appear to have had a tectonic function in an earlier building on the site. A number of the figures were used as building material in the current church. The S doorway incorporates keeled mouldings, suggesting a late 12thc. date. The doorway may have been influenced by the Cistercians at Assaroe, who had a grange at nearby Kiltierney Abbey. The use of interlace on capitals is a standard feature of Erne basin Romanesque. Parallels for heads on capitals with ears bitten by beasts can be found across Leinster (e.g. Glendalough, St Saviour’s; Killeshin) and at Ballisodare in Sligo.

Bibliography

DOENI guide card (with Inishmacsaint).1983.

D. Lowry-Corry, B. C. S. Wilson, D. M. Waterman, ‘A Newly Discovered Statue on White Island’, UJA, 22 (1959), 59–67.

D. Lowry-Corry,'White Island Lough Erne; Its Ancient Church and Unusual Sculptures' JRSAI, 60 (1930), 23–32.

H. Hickey, Images of Stone; Figure sculpture in the Lough Erne Basin, Belfast, 1976, 34-39, 43–49.

M. Rogers, Prospect of Erne, Eniskillen, 1967, 67–74.