The village of Chadlington is situated in rolling countryside overlooking the Evenlode valley to the NW of the county, 3 miles S of Chipping Norton. The original church was Romanesque but it was remodelled in the 13thc. The present nave and aisles are Early English. The W tower was added in the early 14thc. The N aisle and windows, and the nave clerestory are Perpendicular style elements. The chancel was rebuilt in the 19thc. Surviving Romanesque features are in the S doorway, where the modern round-headed arch rests on the original Transitional jambshafts and moulded capitals, and in the nave, where there is the arched head of a blocked clerestory window above the N nave arcade.

The village may have been named after St Chad, the 8thc Northumbrian saint who was brought up in Ireland.

The Domesday Books records the that vill had a value of £2. In 1066 was under the lordship of Siward the Hunter, and 1086 the lordship passed to Reginald the Archer.

The church is now in the Benefice of Ascott-under-Wychwood, Chadlington, Enstone and Spelsbury.

Little is known of the Romanesque church, except that it was large enough to have a clerestorey.